Heart and Brain: A Vital Connection in Stroke Prevention
by Semaj Bernard
As we are still fresh in the new year, prioritizing health is more critical than ever, especially for us in the Caribbean, where cardiovascular diseases and strokes are increasingly prevalent. The synergy between the heart and brain underscores the importance of a holistic approach to health. This was the focus of a recent episode of the Health Series, hosted by Jael Joseph and sponsored by the RayAsta Foundation. Featuring Dr. Rachel Andrew, a Dominican cardiologist at the Dominica China Friendship Hospital, and Dr. Ilshat Khairullin, a Russian neurologist and professor at the American Canadian School of Medicine, the conversation shed light on the intricate connection between the heart and brain in stroke prevention.
“The heart and brain are intimately connected,” Dr. Khairullin explained. “The brain relies on a consistent supply of oxygen-rich blood, delivered by the heart, to function optimally. Any disruption—such as arrhythmias or clots—can lead to severe consequences, including strokes.”
Dr. Andrew elaborated on the cardiovascular issues prevalent in Dominica, highlighting hypertension as a key factor. “High blood pressure damages blood vessels throughout the body, including those in the brain. This damage can lead to clots or hemorrhages, both of which are primary causes of stroke.”
Dr. Khairullin detailed the two main types of strokes which are (1) Ischemic Stroke, which is caused by a clot obstructing blood flow to the brain, leading to tissue death. Whereas the other type,(2) Hemorrhagic Stroke, which occurs when a blood vessel bursts, causing bleeding in or around the brain.
“The location of the stroke determines its effects,” he said. “For example, a stroke in the frontal lobe might affect behavior and speech, while one in the occipital lobe could impair vision. In severe cases, especially in the brainstem, strokes can be fatal within hours or days.”
Dr. Andrew emphasized prevention, stating, “Once a stroke occurs, the damage is often irreversible. Prevention is key and significantly less challenging than rehabilitation.”
Both experts expressed that the prompt recognition of stroke symptoms is crucial. Dr. Khairullin introduced the FAST method: Face drooping, Arm weakness, Speech difficulties, and Time to call emergency services.
“If you notice these symptoms, seek medical attention immediately. Time is critical in stroke management,” he urged.
Hypertension, a major risk factor for strokes, is pervasive in the Caribbean. “High blood pressure strains the heart and damages blood vessels,” Dr. Andrew explained. “It can lead to heart failure, kidney damage, and poor circulation, increasing the risk of strokes and amputations.”
Lifestyle changes can significantly reduce these risks. Dr. Andrew advised, “Monitor your blood pressure regularly, maintain a healthy weight, eat a balanced diet low in salt and high in fruits and vegetables, and engage in regular physical activity.”
As we step into a new year, the message from both doctors is clear: take charge of your health. “Preventing strokes and cardiovascular diseases requires a commitment to healthy living and regular medical check-ups,” Dr. Andrew said.
Dr. Khairullin added, “Your brain and heart work together to keep you alive and thriving. Protecting one protects the other.”
In a region where non-communicable diseases are on the rise, it’s imperative for individuals to prioritize their health. With greater awareness, healthier choices, and timely medical intervention, we can significantly reduce the burden of strokes and ensure a healthier future for the Caribbean.